是(shi)涂敷在(zai)道路(lu)上,用(yong)于(yu)標(biao)志道路(lu)標(biao)線(xian)的(de)(de)一(yi)種涂料。道路(lu)標(biao)線(xian)是(shi)一(yi)種安全標(biao)記(ji),在(zai)公路(lu)交通中更是(shi)一(yi)種無聲的(de)(de)“語(yu)言”。
我(wo)國使用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)道(dao)路有(you)熱(re)(re)熔型、水性(xing)(xing)和常(chang)溫(wen)溶(rong)劑型三類。交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)安(an)全管理(li)(li)部門利用(yong)(yong)(yong)道(dao)路標(biao)(biao)線(xian)(xian)達(da)到(dao)加強交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)安(an)全管理(li)(li)、減少(shao)事故和美化城(cheng)市道(dao)路的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de),而醒(xing)目(mu)的(de)(de)道(dao)路標(biao)(biao)線(xian)(xian)取決于(yu)高性(xing)(xing)能的(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)線(xian)(xian)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)。隨著(zhu)現代(dai)施工(gong)的(de)(de)環境保護及對標(biao)(biao)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)耐磨、防滑、耐候(hou)及耐久性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)高要求(qiu),低成本的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)熔型標(biao)(biao)線(xian)(xian)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)成了我(wo)國道(dao)路標(biao)(biao)線(xian)(xian)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)首選。在改變熱(re)(re)熔涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)流動性(xing)(xing)時(shi)(shi),一(yi)般(ban)是通(tong)(tong)過(guo)增加樹脂含(han)量或(huo)者使用(yong)(yong)(yong)各種加工(gong)助劑來實(shi)現,而這種做法在一(yi)定程度上會使涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)干燥困(kun)難,同(tong)時(shi)(shi)又(you)會造成涂(tu)(tu)(tu)膜較軟和易粘染污物。此外,更重(zhong)要的(de)(de)一(yi)點是增加助劑或(huo)者樹脂在涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)中的(de)(de)含(han)量,會同(tong)時(shi)(shi)提高涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)制造成本。通(tong)(tong)過(guo)調節助流劑在涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)中的(de)(de)比(bi)例,在保證質量前(qian)提下,使涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)具有(you)良(liang)好流動性(xing)(xing)、有(you)利于(yu)施工(gong)的(de)(de)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)又(you)達(da)到(dao)控制成本的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)。
熱(re)熔(rong)反(fan)(fan)光型標(biao)(biao)線(xian)(xian)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)主要(yao)用于(yu)2級以上的(de)(de)(de)公路和(he)高(gao)速公路上,這(zhe)種(zhong)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)劃制的(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)線(xian)(xian)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)層厚(hou)度為(1.0~2.5)mm,涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)內混有反(fan)(fan)光,并(bing)在劃線(xian)(xian)施工(gong)時,面撒反(fan)(fan)光玻璃珠(zhu)。這(zhe)種(zhong)標(biao)(biao)線(xian)(xian)具有良好的(de)(de)(de)夜間反(fan)(fan)光性能,使(shi)用壽命較長,依交通流(liu)量的(de)(de)(de)大公路建設對各類(lei)道路標(biao)(biao)線(xian)(xian)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu)量估(gu)算,小(xiao)和(he)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)本(ben)身的(de)(de)(de)質量而定,一般(ban)可達(2~3)年。熱(re)熔(rong)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)需要(yao)特殊(shu)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)熱(re)設備。對舊標(biao)(biao)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)二次重涂(tu)(tu)(tu)時,要(yao)先鏟除較厚(hou)的(de)(de)(de)舊涂(tu)(tu)(tu)層才能施涂(tu)(tu)(tu)。
熱熔(rong)(rong)型標線(xian)涂(tu)料(liao)在(zai)常溫下(xia)(xia)是固體粉末狀,施(shi)工時(shi),將(jiang)涂(tu)料(liao)投入熔(rong)(rong)融釜(fu)中,釜(fu)內(nei)溫度控(kong)制在(zai)180℃~210℃之間,邊熔(rong)(rong)化邊攪拌(ban),待(dai)熔(rong)(rong)化呈熔(rong)(rong)融流(liu)(liu)動(dong)狀態后,放入劃(hua)線(xian)車的保(bao)溫熔(rong)(rong)融料(liao)斗(dou)(dou)中。溶融涂(tu)料(liao)接(jie)著背引入劃(hua)線(xian)斗(dou)(dou)中,并保(bao)溫使(shi)物料(liao)保(bao)持熔(rong)(rong)融狀態。劃(hua)線(xian)前有預標線(xian)機標記位(wei)置,按設計圖標明(ming)的涂(tu)敷位(wei)置上(shang)用(yong)下(xia)(xia)涂(tu)劑(ji)機涂(tu)敷底(di)漆(qi)。待(dai)下(xia)(xia)涂(tu)劑(ji)徹底(di)干后,方能涂(tu)敷標線(xian)涂(tu)料(liao)。開始劃(hua)線(xian)時(shi),應把劃(hua)線(xian)斗(dou)(dou)放在(zai)路面上(shang),由于劃(hua)線(xian)斗(dou)(dou)與(yu)地面間有一(yi)定的間隙,當劃(hua)線(xian)車前行時(shi),靠自動(dong)流(liu)(liu)淌(tang)而刮抹出一(yi)條整齊的標線(xian)。玻(bo)璃(li)珠撒播器(qi)能自動(dong)均勻地在(zai)標線(xian)上(shang)撒布一(yi)層反(fan)光(guang)玻(bo)璃(li)珠。